yo R,
Not a lot of specific help, but...
Section 03-00: Engine Service, Gasoline
1993 Bronco/Econoline/F-Series Workshop Manual by Ford; sim. to 92 Bronco
https://www.motorcraftservice.com/pubs/content/~WSPM/~MUS~LEN/19/SPM30012.HTM
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
Static Engine Off Valve Train Analysis
Rocker Arm Cover Removed
NOTE: Refer to the appropriate engine section for the Removal and Installation of the engine rocker arm cover.
Check for damaged and/or severely worn parts, correct assembly, and use of correct parts by proceeding with the static engine analysis.
Rocker Arm Assemblies
- Check for loose mounting bolts, studs and nuts.
- Check for plugged oil feed in the rocker arm or cylinder head.
Push Rods
- Check for bent push rods and restriction in oil passage.
Valve Springs
- Check for broken or damaged parts.
Retainer and Keys
- Check for proper seating of keys on valve stem and in retainer.
Positive Rotator and Keys
- Check for proper seating in the positive rotator, and on valve stem.
Valves and Cylinder Head
- Check the cylinder head gasket for proper installation.
- Check for plugged oil drain back holes.
- Check for worn or damaged valve tips.
- Check for missing or damaged guide-mounted valve stem oil seals.
- Check collapsed tappet gap.
- Check installed spring height.
- Check for missing or worn valve spring seats, if equipped.
Static checks (engine off) are to be made on the engine prior to the dynamic procedure.
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I forget if the lifters are new...
Hydraulic TappetsThe tappet assemblies should be kept in proper sequence so that they can be installed in their original position. Inspect and test each tappet separately so as not to intermix.
If any part of the tappet assembly needs replacing, replace the entire assembly. If a tappet is worn, it is recommended that all tappets and camshaft be replaced.
Cleaning
Thoroughly clean all the parts in clean solvent and wipe them with a clean, lint-free cloth.
Inspection
Inspect the parts and discard the entire tappet assembly if any part shows pitting, scoring or excessive wear. Replace the entire assembly if the plunger is not free in the body. The plunger should drop to the bottom of the body by its own weight when assembled dry.
Assemble the tappet assembly and check for freeness of operation by pressing down on the plunger. The tappets can also be checked with a hydraulic tester to test the leakdown rate. Follow the instructions of the test unit manufacturer or the Hydraulic Tappet procedure under Diagnosis and Testing.
Flat Tappet Wear
Valve Rocker Arm
Cleaning
Clean all parts thoroughly. Make sure all oil passages are open.
Make sure oil passage in the push rod end of the rocker arm is open.
Inspection
Inspect the shaft and the rocker arm bore for nicks, scratches, scores or scuffs. Replace any damaged parts.
Inspect the pad at the valve end of the rocker arm for indications of scuffing or abnormal wear. If the pad is grooved, replace the rocker arm.
Do not attempt to true this surface by grinding. On pedestal mounted rocker arms, check the rocker arm pad, side rails and fulcrum seat for excessive wear, cracks, nicks, or burrs. Check the rocker arm bolt for stripped or broken threads.
https://www.motorcraftservice.com/pubs/content/~WSPM/~MUS~LEN/19/SPM30030.HTM#extract_518
Torque Specifications @
https://www.motorcraftservice.com/pubs/content/~WSPM/~MUS~LEN/21/SPM31B46.HTM
ISOLATE the sound with a short section of garden hose or a cheap mechanics stethoscope as already advised.
Check timing (
How to Set the timing on an EFI Ford by Ryan M at
http://web.archive.org/web/20131229164125/http://oldfuelinjection.com/?p=71
cracked exh manifold; an issue with Ford 5.0 & 5.8 & prob other models; any exhaust aroma inside the cab?
exhaust pipe banging or a component banking against it or a cross member
exhaust leak or air injection system check valve rusted out (BUT under load it sounds like a rusted-out muffler)
pull codes to help determine possible engine performance issues that may or may not contribute to possible knocking sounds
Rod knock - run the engine up to about 1000 RPM, and then pull one plug wire at a time. The knock will go away when you pull the plug for the offending cylinder. Wear leather glives; BEWARE of FAN, BELTS, HOT ENGINE..etc.
Valve Clearance
https://www.motorcraftservice.com/pubs/content/~WSPM/~MUS~LEN/21/SPM31B45.HTM