yo Robbie,
Overview & Diagram; "...Secondary Air Injection system consists of a belt-driven Air Pump, single or dual AIR Diverter (AIRD) valve(s), an AIR Bypass (AIRB) valve, and AIR Bypass solenoids, air silencer/filter, Powertrain Control Module and connecting wires and vacuum hoses. The Belt-Driven Secondary Air Injection system provides either upstream/bypass air or upstream/downstream/bypass air. The number of these system configurations vary significantly with AIR Bypass (AIRB) and AIR Diverter (AIRD) valve combinations (Figure 179). 2. The PCM provides one or more signals that enable one or more AIR Bypass solenoids. 3. The AIR Bypass solenoids control one or more AIR Bypass valves and/or AIR Bypass Diverter Valves in order to route secondary air depending upon the specific configuration. 4. The belt-driven Air Pump is operational any time the engine is running..." read more
The 2ndry air system is known to fail in a wide variety of ways. The check valves that prevent hot exhaust from entering the rubber hoses age, rust, leak, & crack open melting the plastic TAB & TAD valves, creating exhaust leaks that can damage other components, raising exhaust oxygen levels (setting lean codes or rich adaptive limit codes), and making rattling noises. The hard steel tubing between the exhaust & the check valve can rust or crack (especially the infamous "crossover tube" on the backs of V8 heads). The vacuum controls leak (including the "coffee can" reservoir on the R wheelwell), get misrouted during other repairs, or the diaphragms rupture. The electronics that control the vacuum controls can fail electrically or mechanically, or the wires can be damaged. But all of these failures are either A) relatively cheap & easy to repair, or B) cheap & easy to prevent with normal inspection & maintenance.
Crossover Tube, Diverter & Check Valves & Hoses Location pic in a V 8
Crossover Tube, Diverter & Check Valves & Hoses Location Diagram in a 5.8
Source: by Steve83 (Steve, That dirty old truck) at SuperMotors.net
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Crossover Tube, Diverter & Check Valve pic in an 88 5.0
Source: by Jem270 at
http://www.supermotors.net/registry/media/320543
http://www.pciinc.com
EGR Tube, Crossover Tubes, Check Valves, O2 Sensor Repair Bungs, High Temp Silicone Hose, etc. for Bronco & all Ford, w/Ford Part Numbers & pics; miesk5 NOTE; "...EGR, The 1996 5.0L Air Tube is connected to an exhaust passage in the intake manifold and then goes to the EGR Valve, while the 5.8L is connected to the passenger side exhaust manifold. MIESK5 Note, PCI builds em w/high quality; great customer phone service! by PCI Inc ...